吴天添+朱沛枫+刘励+汪平+朱炜+徐永强+鲍鹰+冯文明+王永春

[摘要] 目的 研究直肠癌的不同病理分型、分化程度、肿瘤分期、预后与前体mRNA剪辑蛋白-2β基因（Trα-2β）之间的关系，分析其在直肠癌发生发展中的作用。 方法 选择未进行过放化疗的直肠癌患者，术中切除肿瘤与周围正常肠管，通过PCR法比较Trα-2β基因在直肠癌组织中与癌旁正常组织中的差异，比较不同的直肠癌病理分型、分化程度、肿瘤分期中此基因是否有差异，并作统计学分析。 结果 Trα-2β表达水平在直肠癌组织中较癌旁正常组织明显增高（P<0.05）；Ⅰ期直肠癌Trα-2β的转录水平明显较Ⅱ期直肠癌低（P=0.0006）；而Ⅱ、Ⅲ期之间Trα-2β的转录水平无明显差异（P=0.2725）；Ⅱ期与Ⅳ期间（P=0.3912）、Ⅲ期与Ⅳ期间Trα-2β的转录水平均无明显差异（P=0.1697）；Trα-2β的转录水平与直肠癌的高、中、低分化程度有关，各个分化程度间均有差异（P=0.0006）；Trα-2β的转录水平与直肠癌的病理分型无关（P=0.2254）。 结论 直肠组织中Trα-2β的表达水平升高提示倾向于恶性肿瘤，或者恶性程度更高，对直肠癌的预后有一定的临床指导意义。

[关键词] 直肠癌；病理分型；TNM分期；前体mRNA剪辑蛋白-2β基因

[中图分类号] R735.3 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）33-0031-04

[Abstract] Objective To study the relationship between different pathological types， differentiation degree， tumor staging，prognosis and the precursory mRNA clipping protein-2β gene（Trα-2β） in rectal cancer， and to analyze its role in the development and progression of rectal cancer. Methods The patients with rectal cancer who had not undergone radiotherapy and chemotherapy were selected. And the tumor and surrounding normal bowel were resected during surgery. The difference of Trα-2β gene in rectal cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues was compared by PCR. The differences of the gene in pathological type， differentiation degree， tumor staging in different rectal cancers were compared. And the statistical analysis was performed. Results The expression level of Trα-2β in rectal cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues（P<0.05）. The transcriptional level of Trα-2β in stage Ⅰrectal cancer was significantly lower than that in stage Ⅱ rectal cancer（P=0.0006）. There was no significant difference in the transcription level of Trα-2β between stage Ⅱand stage Ⅲ（P=0.2725）. There was no significant difference in the transcription level of Trα-2β between stage Ⅱand Ⅳ（P=0.3912） and between the stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ（P=0.1697）. The transcription level of Trα-2β was correlated with the high， medium and low differentiation degree of rectal cancer， and there was significant difference in the different differentiation degrees （P=0.0006）. The transcription level of Trα-2β was not correlated with the pathological type of rectal cancer（P=0.2254）. Conclusion Elevated expression of Trα-2β in rectal tissue suggests a tendency to malignant tumor or a higher degree of malignancy， which may be of clinical guidance significance in the prognosis of rectal cancer.

[Key words] Rectal cancer；Pathological type；TNM stage；Precursor mRNA clipping protein-2β gene