赵洪璋1918.07.08～1994.02.07
育种学家。河南淇县人。1940年毕业于西北农学院农艺系。西北农学院教授。重视性状形成与生态环境和栽培条件的关系，形成了独特的以精取胜的选择技术，选育出“碧蚂1号”、“碧蚂4号”、“6028”、“丰产3号”、“矮丰3号”、“西农85号”等小麦优良品种，对黄河中下游地区的小麦生产做出了重大贡献。“碧蚂1号”1959年种植达9000多万亩，是我国至今推广面积最大的小麦品种；抗吸浆虫品种“6028”种植面积达460多万亩，恢复和发展了陕西关中等省区吸浆虫危害地区的小麦生产；“丰产3号”1976年种植达3000多万亩，是当时黄淮麦区种植面积最大的小麦品种。“矮丰3号”的育成推广，推动了我国矮化育种的发展；高抗赤霉病的“西农85”的育成，开创了北方麦区小麦抗赤霉病育种的成功先例。
1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。
Breeder. Born in Qixian, Henan Province. Graduated from the Department of Agronomy, Institute of Northwest Agronomy in 1940.Professor, Institute of Northwest Agronomy .
Attzching grest importance to wheat character and relationship between ecological environment and cultural condition and creating unique selection method, Zhao selected some improved wheat varieties such as “Bima No.1”，“Bima No.4”，“6028”，“Hight Yield No.3”， “Aifeng No.3”，“Aifeng No.3” and “Xinong No.85” and made significant contributions to wheat production along the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. “Bima No.1” was planted in an area of 6 million hectares in 1959, the largest area for a single variety of wheat so far. “6028” , a variety of midge resistant, was planted in an area of over 300,000 hectares, which recovered and developed wheat production in midge-plagued areas in Shanxi, Guanzhong and other provinces and regions. The planting area of “High Yield No. 3” in 1976 reached 2 million hectares, the largest one in the Huang-Huai wheat region. The breeding and popularization of “Aifeng No. 3” have promoted the development of dwarfing breeding and “Xinong No. 85”is a successful example of breeding wheat resistant to scab in North China.
He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.
俞大绂1901.02.29～1993.05.15
植物病理学家，微生物学家。浙江绍兴人。1924年毕业于南京金陵大学。1928年赴美国留学，获衣阿华州大学哲学博士学位。北京农业大学教授、名誉院长。育成抗黑粉病小麦、抗荚疫病大豆、抗稻瘟病水稻品种；首创中国禾本科作物黑粉病菌生理小种的研究；对粟病及蚕豆病害进行了全面系统研究；对苹果树腐烂病、谷子红叶病的防治做出了重要贡献；在我国首先开展赤霉素的研究，培养出优良菌种，研究提出发酵工艺流程及提纯技术；在稻恶苗菌的异核遗传研究中，揭示该菌在自然界中三种不同核型组成的异核体，阐明异核现象在自然界中是否普遍存在的国际上长期争论问题，受到国内外科学界的重视。
1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。
Phytopathologist and microbiologist. Born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from Jinling University, Nanjing in 1924. Went to USA in 1928 and received Ph.D. from Iowa State Uneversity. Professor and honorary president, Beijing University of Agriculture.
Yu improved new species of smut-resistant wheat, corruptresistant soybean and blast-resistant rice, pioneered the study of physiological races of smut fungus for the grass family crops in China,and conducted extensive and systematical investigations on the disease for millet and broad bean, making significant cintributions to the prevention and treatment of the apple tree putridity and millet red leaf virus disease. He was the first in China to launch the study of gibberelin. He cultured fine fungal species and, after long time research, proposed the technological process for gibberelin fermentation and the purification techniques. In the study of heterocaryon inheritance for Fusarium moniliformae, he brought to light that there are three kinds of heterocaryon made up of different nucleus shapes,and expounded the problem whether the heterocaryosis is universally existed in nature, which was argued for a long time in the world. His work attracted great attention from the scientific word.
He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.
侯光炯1905.05.07～1996.11.04
土壤学家。上海金山人。1928年毕业于北京农业大学农化系。西南农业大学教授，自然免耕研究所所长，从事土壤学教学与科研工作达60年之久。在土壤肥力和土壤地理研究方面发现“光肥平衡”日周期变化一个事实，从而开辟了土壤胶体热力学新领域。1986年通过鉴定的水田自然免耕新技术，至1988年底已在南方13个省推广2200多万亩，增产率在15%以上。为了适应土壤肥力研究的需要，他又创建了土壤胶体物理—土壤粘韧率和粘韧曲线，以及土壤胶体热力学十联式PH两种测定方法，并拟定了土壤肥力分类体系，为制定我国土地利用规划提供了科学依据。
1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。
Pedologist. Born in Jinshan, Shanghai. Graduated from the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Beijing Agriculture University in 1928. Professor, Southwestern Agriculture University, and director,Soil Virginzation Resezrch Institute.
Hou has been engaged in the teaching and research on pedology and soil fertility for 60 years.In 1960, he discovered the close relationship between the sun and the soil, namely, the daily fluctuation ratio of “photosynthesis-nutrient-supplying equilibrium”, thus opening a new field of thermodynamic behavior of soil colloids. His new technique of “ soil virginization of rice paddy fields ” passed the appraisal in 1986 and had been popularized on 1.47 million hectares in 13 provinces in South China by the end of 1988. Estimation shows that an increase of 15% in production was achieved. In order to meet the demand of new methods for promoting soil fertility research , he devised two special tests, one was soil colloid physics, namely soil plasticity ratios and plasticity curves, and the other was the thermodynamic behavior of soil colloid activity index—10 unit type of soil pH. At the same time, he worked out the soil physiographical colloid-complex classification system which provided a scientific basis for designing land use plans.
He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.
钟惠澜1901.06.24～1987.02.06
医学家。原籍广东梅县，生于葡属东帝汶的叻利岛。1929年毕业于北京协和医学院，获美国纽约州立大学医学博士学位。北京友谊医院名誉院长，北京热带医学研究所教授、所长。首先证明了中国中华白蛉是黑热病的传染媒介及犬、人、白蛉三者在黑热病传播流形环节中的关系，提出用骨髓穿刺的方法进行临床诊断，又首先应用了“钟氏”黑热病补体结合试验方法诊断黑热病；首次发现淋巴腺型新型黑热病；在对回归热病的研究中推翻了西方学者的错误学说，建立了为国际医学界公认的新学说；发现8个新种肺吸虫，并首次发现拟钉螺为四川养殖吸虫的中间宿主；对钩端螺旋体病、中华分支睾吸虫病、麻风病等多种疾病的研究，在病因学、病原体、传染途径、诊断及治疗等方面作出了重大贡献。
1955年被选聘为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。
Medical expert. Born in Portugal Colony Timor Island. Graduated from Peking Union Medical College in 1929. Received MD from New York State University, USA Honorary pressident, Beijing Friendship Hospitial, and professor and director, Beijing Tropical Medicine Research Institute.
Zhong was the first tu prove that the Chinese phlebotomus chinesis is the sandfly vector of kala-azar infection. He also proved that the kala-azar can produce a kind of hypersplenism, suggested a method of bone marrow puncture, and applied the Chung’s kalaazar complement fixation test in clinical diagnosis. He was the first to find a new kind of lymph glandular type of kala-azar. During his research on relapsing fever, he corrected some erroneous theories of foreign scholars and set up a new theory which was accepted by the international medical circles. He discovered 8 new species and subspecies of Paragonimus and was the first to find that Tricular snails are the first intermediary host of paragonimus szechuanensis. He made great contributions to the etiology, pathogen, routes of infection,diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis, chonorchiasis sinensis, leprosy and other diseases.
He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.
