崔 燕
摘要英语写作是大学生最难培养的技能之一。写好文章必须从最小的单位句子开始。本文主要从三个方面讨论:一是练好基本句型;二是使句子添彩;三是仿写好句子。通过结合实例,介绍了通过练习切实提高写作能力的方法。
关键词大学生英语句子写作技巧方法
中图分类号:H31文献标识码:A
从培根的名言:“读书使人充实,讨论使人机敏,写作使人精确”可以看出写作重要且难度较高。很多学生意识到写作的重要性但不知从何做起,笔者以自己三年的教学经验来谈谈大学生该如何切实提高自己的写作水平。
1 练好基本句型
写作能力差的学生从写一个句子开始练习。要坚持“句—段—篇”的训练程序,由易到难,循序渐进。英语句子按其结构分为四类,即简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。
(1)练习简单句的五种基本句型。五种基本结构:主谓、主谓补、主谓宾、主谓宾宾和主谓宾补。
(2)练习复合句的六大类。六大类:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。从课本中不难看出复杂一点的句子基本上都是这些从句,是由单句的5种基本句型缩略或扩展而成。
2 如何使句子添彩
有时即使掌握了基本句型的写作,但句子还是平实无味,怎样“装扮”自己的文章而使之“熠熠生辉”呢?
(1)添加副词。
例:I could obviously afford a very good solicitor.
(2)使用同位语和插入语。
例:My best friend, Annie, works in a famous company.
例:This ancient church, built in the 16 century, has been in danger of collapse.
(3)使用强调句和倒装句。
例:It was on Monday night that all this happened.
例:Only in this way,can we solve this problem.
(4)使用修辞手法。
双重否定。例:No victory comes without a price.
夸张。例:His father hit the ceiling to know of her bad grades.
明喻。例:He is as poor as a church mouse.
暗喻。例:I was inwardly all white flag.
平行结构。例:We need to discover, as my kids did, that there is more than one right answer, there is more than one right question and there is more than on e way to look at a body of information.
3 创造性写作:选择多种句法结构,句型进行仿写
(1)模仿不同类型结构为首的例子。
以副词为首
例:Eventually, I was officially charged and told to report to Richmond magistrates court the following Monday.
以分词短语为首
例:Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I got a part-time job.
以介词短语为首
例:As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.
不断总结这类不同类型结构开头的句子,使自己的句子多样化。
(2)模仿句中的经典部分。
原文:When it comes to the increasing use of motor vehicles in Beijing, some people think that use should be limited.
仿写:When it comes to housework, some people think that woman should do the job.
(3)模仿名言名句。
原文:To err is human, to forgive, divine (Alexander Pope)
仿写:To work is exhausting, to loaf, refreshing.
4 积累词汇
除了基本词汇外,一定要积累具有强烈表达能力和描述能力的词汇。在阅读当中,遇到好的词汇一定要做笔记,对词汇进行归类,写作时才不会词穷。
例1:许多:除了more and more外,还有an increasing number of, a growing number of
例2:重视:注意此词的多种表达,如put emphasis on , attach great importance to
综上所述,学生如能按照上述方法不断在阅读中进行总结归纳和练习培养自身的写作能力,语言表达才会更流畅而丰富。
